ABB 70BT01C HESG447024R1

电动机运行不正常故障主要与接线不正确、参数设定不正确、变频器容量太小、负载太大、变频器或电动机本身故障等原因有关。

    首先应区别是新装机还是维护后发生，是由负载原因还是由变频器的原因引起的。对于维护后出现电动机运行不正常的故障，只要再重复维护时的检查路径，检查一下连接线是否有松动或没有连接等，一般即可恢复正常工作。如果是新装机，最简便、快捷的办法是检查是否有参数设定错误，恢复出厂值，在手动方式下启动，这样可以排除是否是变频器本身的故障，还是电动机本身的问题以及参数设定错误，这样区分后就能缩小查找故障的范围，以便于快速排除故障。

    具体方法如下：在从外观上看不出明显的故障痕迹的前提下，在手动方式下启动变频器控制系统，如果调速正常，则可断定为参数设定错误所至，重新设定参数即可，在参数设定时除了公用的特性参数外，对于其他的功能参数的设定，最好是一项一项地设定并试运行，直至所需的功能参数全部正常为止，这样在每一步操作中都可以及时发现错误、纠正错误；如果调速不正常，可以先将变频器连接到电动机的电缆拆下，分别试验变频器和电动机，以区分故障是发生在变频器还是电动机。如果变频器还连接有外部控制信号电路，最好也断开，这样可用手动方式试验变频器，如果正常，说明变频器没有问题或没有损坏，但还要进一步检查设定值是否有变化，最好重新设定一遍。

    另外，电动机运行不正常故障还有振动和噪声问题，振动通常是由于电动机的脉动转矩及机械系统的共振引起的，特别是当脉动转矩与机械共振点恰好一致时更为严重。噪声通常分为变频器噪声和电动机噪声，对于电动机噪声，不同的安装场所应采取不同的处理措施，变频器在调试过程中，在保证控制精度的前提下，应尽量减小脉冲转矩成分，并应注意确认机械共振点，利用变频器的频率屏蔽功能，使这些共振点排除在运行范围之外。如果是电动机故障，按下列步骤顺序检查。

    (1)电动机不能启动

    电动机不能启动应检查以下几项。

    ①主回路检查。电源电压检测，充电指示灯是否亮，LCD是否显示报警画面，电动机与变频器之间的连接是否正确。

    ②输入信号检查。是否输入启动信号和FWD、REV信号，频率是否已经设定或上限额定频率是否太低。

    ③功能设定检查。各种功能代码设置是否有误。

    ④负载检查。负载是否过大或机械系统是否有堵转现象。

    ⑤在变频器和电动机之间装有的热继电器动作后未能复位

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